History

"Pharmaceutical Apparatus", Pharmaceutical Chemistry

In 1825, Theodor Friedrich Ludwig Nees von Esenbeck, a botanist, established a small pharmacy laboratory within the university's main building. He funded the laboratory, which met the standards set by the "Regulations for the State Examinations of Medical Personnel," almost entirely on his own. By 1833, the laboratory, known as the "Pharmaceutical Apparatus," received government support and was primarily used to train medical students. After Nees von Esenbeck's passing, Prof. Carl Wilhelm Bergemann ran the "Pharmaceutical Apparatus" from 1838 to 1867.
 
It is worth mentioning that pharmacist Ludwig Clamor Marquart established 1837 a pharmaceutical laboratory in Bonn's "Kellersche Apotheke" with state approval, even before the university's development in Pharmacy. Although it had been closed down in 1845, it had already trained around 150 pharmacists.
 
Carl Friedrich Mohr succeeded Bergemann in 1867 as Extraordinarius for Pharmacy and head of the "Pharmaceutical Apparatus" in the Chemical Institute. Mohr's contribution to Analytical Chemistry was the development of dimensional analysis. He also provided commentaries on the Prussian Pharmacopoeia. In the Pharmaceutical Institute located at "An der Immenburg 4, Bonn-Endenich", a portrait of Mohr and his wife can be found. In 1868, August Kekulé moved into the new Chemical Institute beside the Poppelsdorf Palace. His statue still stands in front of the building. After Mohr died in 1879, the "Pharmaceutical Apparatus" moved to the new Chemical Institute from the university's main building. Otto Wallach, who later won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1910 for his work on terpenes, became associate professor. Wallach served as the head of the "Pharmaceutical Apparatus" for a decade before becoming a full professor of Chemistry at the University of Göttingen. During this period, Richard Anschütz held a lectureship for pharmacists in Bonn. Meanwhile, Heinrich Klinger was appointed to an extraordinariate position, with the responsibility of teaching Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Toxicology, as well as supervising practical exercises. After Klinger left for the University of Königsberg in 1895, Alfred Partheil took over his position. Anschütz later took over the administration of the "Pharmaceutical Apparatus", while Georg August Frerichs took over the extraordinariate for Pharmaceutical Chemistry in 1903. Under Frerichs' leadership, the "Pharmaceutical Apparatus" was transformed into the Pharmaceutical Institute in January 1925. Frerichs was given the position of leading the Pharmaceutical Chemistry department, which was still located within the Chemical Institute. In 1938, there was a university reform that resulted in the elimination of the Pharmacy programme in Bonn, even though there were still 40 students enrolled in the programme during the summer semester. This was similar to what happened in other universities, including the University of Göttingen and Heidelberg.
 
The Pharmaceutical Institute was reestablished after World War II, thanks to Paul Pfeiffer, director of the Chemical Institute at that time. Pfeiffer made their rooms available to pharmacists and strongly supported Pharmacy in Bonn. In 1949, Karl Winterfeld from Freiburg became the new director of the Pharmaceutical Institute. He achieved scientific breakthroughs in the field of lupine alkaloids and got a new building at "Kreuzbergweg 26", which was considered generous for its time. The building was inaugurated in 1956 but had to be expanded by 1961. Herbert Jäger worked at the institute and qualified as a professor in 1953. He later held a C3 professorship. In 1954, Melanie Rink became one of the first women in Germany to habilitate in Pharmaceutical Chemistry. She was appointed associate professor in 1960 and headed the Department of Drug Testing at the Pharmaceutical Institute until her untimely death in 1965. In 1963, Felix Zymalkowski from Hamburg succeeded Winterfeld as the new director of the institute. Hermann Josef Roth from Braunschweig succeeded Mrs Rink as a full professor.
 
In the late 1960s, there was a surge of pharmacy students that led to overcrowding at the institute located at "Kreuzbergweg 26". To address this issue, a disposal building was hastily built in Endenich (AVZ II), at "An der Immenburg 4". This new building also provided space for Pharmaceutical Technology. Professor Roth was appointed the head of Pharmaceutical Chemistry at Endenich, while Professor Zymalkowski remained at Kreuzbergweg.
 
Gerhard Rücker from Münster took over from Zymalkowski in 1979 and new C3 professorships were established. Peter Pachaly (1971), Erhard Röder (1971), and Gottfried Blaschke from Kiel (1974) were among the appointed professors. Eberhard Reimann (since 1973), August-Wilhelm Frahm (since 1975), and Kurt Fickentscher (since 1974) were also active as professors. In 1980, they were transferred to C3 professorships. The Department of Pharmaceutical Technology gained another C3 professorship after Blaschke's departure to Münster in 1983. Following Fickentscher's death in a plane crash in 1984, the position was held by Detlef Geffken from Braunschweig until his departure to Hamburg, and then by Jochen Lehmann from Hamburg since 1990. Priv.-Doz. Dr. Peter Tinapp Roth followed a call to Tübingen in 1983 at the age of 51, and Peter Nickel from Berlin succeeded him. In 1989, Dr. Werner Meise, who had extensive experience at the Institute of Pharmacy, was appointed as a highly qualified professor. He had previously worked at the Pharmaceutical Institute for a considerable amount of time and was appointed as an associate professor. In 1990, Ulrike Holzgrabe from Kiel succeeded Frahm, who was appointed to Freiburg in 1989. Peter Gmeiner from Munich succeeded Prof. Röder, who retired in 1994. Gmeiner followed a call to Erlangen in 1996.
 
In 1996, Rücker became an emeritus professor. Following his departure, Christa Müller from Würzburg took over the position as Chair of Pharmaceutical Chemistry at the Institute on Kreuzbergweg in 1998. From 2001 to 2004, she also served as the university's prorector for planning and finance. Meise retired in 1996, while Pachaly retired in 1998 and Nickel became an emeritus in 1999. In the same year, Harald Schweim was appointed as an associate professor after being rehabilitated from Berlin to Bonn. He was previously the head of the DiMDI in Cologne and president of the BfArM in Bonn. Ulrike Holzgrabe, who served as the prorector and chairwoman of the Commission for Teaching, Studies, and Academic Reform from 1997 to 1999, accepted a chair position in Würzburg in 1999. Michael Gütschow from Leipzig succeeded her in 2001. Lehmann accepted an appointment to the Chair of Pharmaceutical Chemistry in Jena in 2002, and since 2003, Gerd Bendas from Halle-Wittenberg has held the position. Michael Wiese from Halle-Wittenberg was appointed as Nickel's successor to the Chair of Pharmaceutical Chemistry in Endenich in 2000.
 
The Endenich Institute underwent its first renovation in 1994. The Kreuzbergweg Institute in Poppelsdorf, which was over 50 years old, no longer met technical requirements and regulations. Therefore, an extension to the Endenich Institute was planned in 2000 to accommodate the Poppelsdorf Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department. However, plans changed in 1996, and the extension was designed to accommodate Pharmaceutical Technology and Pharmacology and Toxicology. The old building in Endenich was to be renovated again for the Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, but various difficulties caused delays. Finally, in August 2006, the Pharmaceutical Institute was reunified after the final renovation.
 
In 2010, a new position of a Professor of Pharmaceutical Chemistry was established and Diana Imhof from Jena was appointed to the role. Mrs Imhof's success was evident in 2016 when she created the Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Bioanalytics department during her contract negotiations. Recently, Finn Hansen from Leipzig replaced Michael Wiese, who retired in 2019.
 
Habilitations have taken place since 1990. Detlef Manns was habilitated in 1997, followed by Michael Neugebauer in 1998, Matthias Kassack in 2003, Daniela Gündisch in 2004 and Anke Schiedel in 2013. In 2006, Kassack accepted a C3 professorship in Pharmaceutical Chemistry in Düsseldorf. Mrs. Gündisch became an assistant professor at the University of Hawaii, U.S.A. in 2008.

Galenics, Pharmaceutical Technology

The Pharmaceutical Institute created a galenics department after rebuilding from the war, which was headed by Fritz Gstirner. As Pharmaceutical Technology became more important, Fritz Müller from Kiel was appointed as a full professor in 1971 and transformed the Endenich Institute into a modern research and training facility. In 1983, Hans Peter Merkle from Heidelberg became the C3 professor of Pharmaceutical Technology and went to Frankfurt in 1987. In 1988 Richard Süverkrüp became his successor who retired in 2007, succeeded by Alf Lamprecht from Besançon. Klaus-Jürgen Steffens from Braunschweig was appointed to the professorship in 1989, the same year Müller became professor emeritus. As result of contract negotiations Lamprecht became the successor of Klaus-Jürgen Steffens in 2012. Karl G. Wagner took over for Lamprecht in the same year. In 2002, Pharmaceutical Technology relocated to new rooms in the "Gerhard-Domagk-Straße" building after completing the replacement of the old institute on Kreuzbergweg.
 
Two habilitations have been completed since 1990: Manfred Wolf in 1995 and Hubert Rein in 2004.

Pharmaceutical Microbiology

The extension of the licensing regulation for pharmacists in 1971 made microbiology a mandatory subject for pharmacy students, leading to the establishment of a Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology at the Institute of Medical Microbiology that same year. In 1974, Bernd Wiedemann was appointed to the C3 professorship for Pharmaceutical Microbiology. He retired in 2004 and was succeeded by Hans-Georg Sahl. Currently, Tanja Schneider is in charge of training pharmacy students in this discipline.

Since 1990, there have been several habilitations, including Peter Heisig's habilitation in pharmaceutical biology and microbiology in 1997. He later became the chair of this subject at the University of Hamburg in 2000.

Pharmaceutical Biochemistry and Bioanalytics

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Pharmacy Diploma Programme

Back in 1997, the Pharmacy Section decided to create a diploma programme for pharmacists, which was since then only established at universities in the former East Germany. The University of Bonn awarded approximately 182 students with the academic degree of Diplom-Pharmazeut, with Karl Werner Glombitza serving as the chairman of the examination board, even after his retirement. However, in the winter semester of 2008/ 2009, the diploma programme was replaced by the master's programme "Drug Research".

Research Training Groups

From 2001 to 2010, the Pharmacy Section had a Research Training Group 677 "Structure and Molecular Interaction as the Basis of Drug Action" which was funded by the German Research Foundation (DFG). In the winter semester 2008/09 the NRW Research School BIOTECH-PHARMA was established, also with major participation of the Pharmacy Section.